Hemorrhoids Treatments: Medical Options That Actually Work

Hemorrhoids are common, uncomfortable, and often frustrating to manage. While mild cases may improve on their own, persistent or painful hemorrhoids frequently require targeted medical treatment. Understanding the full range of hemorrhoids treatments helps you make informed decisions, avoid complications, and achieve lasting relief.

This guide focuses on evidence-based medical approaches used to treat hemorrhoids effectively. If you need a broader understanding of how hemorrhoids develop, their types, and early warning signs, start with our complete overview on hemorrhoids before exploring treatment-specific options.

When Do Hemorrhoids Require Medical Treatment?

Not all hemorrhoids need aggressive intervention. However, medical treatment becomes necessary when symptoms persist beyond several days, worsen over time, or return frequently despite lifestyle adjustments. Ongoing pain, rectal bleeding, prolapse, or swelling often signal that conservative measures alone are no longer sufficient.

Medical intervention is also important when hemorrhoids begin interfering with daily activities or bowel habits. Left untreated, advanced hemorrhoids may lead to complications such as anemia, chronic inflammation, or infection. Early treatment not only improves comfort but also reduces the likelihood of requiring surgery later.

Over-the-Counter Medications for Symptom Relief

Many hemorrhoids treatments begin with over-the-counter (OTC) medications designed to reduce inflammation, itching, and pain. These treatments are widely available and often effective for early-stage or mild hemorrhoids.

Topical Creams, Ointments, and Suppositories

Topical hemorrhoid products may contain hydrocortisone to reduce swelling, local anesthetics to numb pain, or protective agents that create a physical barrier over irritated tissue. Some formulations also soothe itching and burning during bowel movements.

While these products can provide significant short-term relief, prolonged use of steroid-containing creams should be avoided, as they may thin the skin. For best results, topical treatments are often combined with strategies discussed in home remedies for hemorrhoids, such as sitz baths and proper hygiene.

Oral Pain Relievers

Nonprescription pain relievers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen may help reduce discomfort and inflammation. These medications are useful during flare-ups, especially following bowel movements, but they do not address the underlying cause of hemorrhoids.

Minimally Invasive Office-Based Procedures

When OTC treatments fail to control symptoms, minimally invasive procedures offer the next level of care. These hemorrhoids treatments are typically performed in a medical office and allow patients to return to normal activity quickly.

Rubber Band Ligation

Rubber band ligation is one of the most widely used treatments for internal hemorrhoids. During the procedure, a small rubber band is placed at the base of the hemorrhoid, cutting off blood flow. Over time, the hemorrhoid shrinks and falls off naturally.

This method is particularly effective for bleeding or prolapsing internal hemorrhoids. To better understand how this procedure targets internal lesions, see our detailed guide on internal hemorrhoids.

Sclerotherapy

Sclerotherapy involves injecting a chemical solution directly into the hemorrhoidal tissue. This causes the blood vessels to collapse, leading to shrinkage and symptom relief. The procedure is generally painless and may be recommended for patients who cannot undergo band ligation.

Infrared Coagulation

Infrared coagulation uses heat energy to form scar tissue inside the hemorrhoid. This cuts off circulation and gradually reduces the hemorrhoid’s size. It is typically used for small to moderate internal hemorrhoids and offers quick recovery with minimal discomfort.

Surgical Treatment Options for Severe Hemorrhoids

Surgery is usually reserved for advanced hemorrhoids that do not respond to conservative or office-based treatments. Although recovery takes longer, surgical hemorrhoids treatments offer the most definitive results for chronic or severe cases.

Hemorrhoidectomy

Hemorrhoidectomy involves the complete surgical removal of hemorrhoidal tissue. It is considered the gold standard for large external hemorrhoids or combined internal and external disease.

While highly effective, this procedure is associated with postoperative pain and requires a period of healing. However, recurrence rates are low when recovery guidelines are followed properly.

Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy

This technique treats prolapsed internal hemorrhoids by repositioning them and cutting off blood supply using a stapling device. Compared with traditional hemorrhoidectomy, stapled hemorrhoidopexy often results in less discomfort and a faster return to daily activities.

This option is not suitable for all patients but may be considered when internal prolapse is the primary issue.

Supporting Treatment With Lifestyle Changes

Medical procedures alone are not enough to prevent hemorrhoids from returning. Supporting treatments with proper lifestyle changes is essential for long-term success.

Improving bowel habits, avoiding prolonged straining, maintaining a healthy body weight, and managing constipation all reduce pressure on rectal veins. Dietary adjustments are especially influential. A fiber-rich diet and proper hydration promote smooth bowel movements and reduce irritation.

For prevention-focused strategies, refer to our comprehensive cluster on hemorrhoids diet and prevention, which explains how nutrition supports both treatment and recovery.

When to Seek Professional Medical Help

You should consult a healthcare provider if hemorrhoid symptoms last longer than a week, worsen despite treatment, or involve significant bleeding. Rectal bleeding should always be evaluated to rule out other digestive conditions.

According to the Cleveland Clinic, proper diagnosis ensures appropriate treatment selection and helps distinguish hemorrhoids from more serious colorectal disorders.

Finding the Right Hemorrhoids Treatment Plan

The best hemorrhoids treatments depend on symptom severity, hemorrhoid type, and individual health factors. Many patients find long-term relief through a combination of medical therapy, minimally invasive procedures, and lifestyle modification.

With early intervention and consistent care, most hemorrhoids can be treated successfully without surgery. Understanding your options empowers you to take control of symptoms and prevent future flare-ups.